# Towards implementation of Cellular Automata in Microbial Fuel Cells

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a theoretical design for implementing Cellular Automata within Microbial Fuel Cells to create bio-electronic parallel processors, demonstrated through simulation of electrical circuits, aiming for autonomous biological computing devices.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to embed Cellular Automata, specifically Conway's Game of Life, into Microbial Fuel Cells, combining bio-electrical systems with computational models.

## Key findings

- Simulation confirms equivalent electrical behaviors of the CA implementation.
- Design demonstrates potential for autonomous biological computing devices.
- First step towards bio-electronic massively parallel processors.

## Abstract

The Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a bio-electrochemical transducer converting waste products into electricity using microbial communities. Cellular Automaton (CA) is a uniform array of finite-state machines that update their states in discrete time depending on states of their closest neighbors by the same rule. Arrays of MFCs could, in principle, act as massive-parallel computing devices with local connectivity between elementary processors. We provide a theoretical design of such a parallel processor by implementing CA in MFCs. We have chosen Conway's Game of Life as the 'benchmark' CA because this is the most popular CA which also exhibits an enormously rich spectrum of patterns. Each cell of the Game of Life CA is realized using two MFCs. The MFCs are linked electrically and hydraulically. The model is verified via simulation of an electrical circuit demonstrating equivalent behaviors. The design is a first step towards future implementations of fully autonomous biological computing devices with massive parallelism. The energy independence of such devices counteracts their somewhat slow transitions - compared to silicon circuitry - between the different states during computation.