# Structural and ferroelectric properties of perovskite Pb(1-x)(K0.5Sm0.5)xTiO3 ceramics

## TL;DR

This study investigates how substituting Pb with K and Sm in PbTiO3 affects its structural and ferroelectric properties, revealing phase transitions and retained ferroelectricity at high substitution levels.

## Contribution

It introduces a new substitution model using K and Sm to replace Pb in PbTiO3, analyzing resulting changes in structure and electrical behavior.

## Key findings

- Phase transition from tetragonal to cubic occurs at lower temperatures with substitution.
- Ferroelectricity persists even at high substitution levels (x=0.5).
- Structural and dielectric properties are significantly modified by substitution.

## Abstract

PbTiO3 has the highest tetragonal distortion (c/a=1.064) and highest spontaneous polarization among perovskite titanates. But, it is hazardous and hence one needs to reduce Pb content by substituting or reducing Pb content for use in applications. Pb(1-x)(K0.5Sm0.5)xTiO3 (0&x&0.5) perovskite powders were synthesized by sol-gel process, where Pb2+ was replaced by a combination of K+10.5Sm+30.5 (equivalent charge and comparable ionic radius) providing an excellent substitution model to study changes in structural and electrical properties. Vibrational properties and dielectric properties are modified with substitution. A polar tetragonal to a nearly nonpolar cubic phase transition decreases to lower temperatures with substitution due to reduces the lattice strain with substitution. Ferroelectricity is retained even for x=0.5, which has a nearly cubic phase and makes the material technologically important.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1703.01037