# 1 to 2.4 micron Near-IR spectrum of the Giant Planet $\beta$ Pictoris b obtained with the Gemini Planet Imager

## TL;DR

This study presents a detailed near-infrared spectrum of the exoplanet $eta$ Pictoris b, deriving its physical properties and comparing its spectrum to models and brown dwarfs, confirming its low surface gravity and planetary nature.

## Contribution

First detailed near-IR spectrum of $eta$ Pictoris b with comprehensive analysis of its physical and atmospheric properties using model comparisons.

## Key findings

- Mass of $12.9 ext{ M}_ ext{Jup}$ with statistical errors
- Effective temperature around 1700-1800 K
- Spectrum matches low-surface gravity L2 brown dwarf

## Abstract

Using the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) located at Gemini South, we measured the near-infrared (1.0-2.4 micron) spectrum of the planetary companion to the nearby, young star $\beta$ Pictoris. We compare the spectrum obtained with currently published model grids and with known substellar objects and present the best matching models as well as the best matching observed objects. Comparing the empirical measurement of the bolometric luminosity to evolutionary models, we find a mass of $12.9\pm0.2$ $\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{Jup}$, an effective temperature of $1724\pm15$ K, a radius of $1.46\pm0.01$ $\mathcal{R}_\mathrm{Jup}$, and a surface gravity of $\log g = 4.18\pm0.01$ [dex] (cgs). The stated uncertainties are statistical errors only, and do not incorporate any uncertainty on the evolutionary models. Using atmospheric models, we find an effective temperature of $1700-1800$ K and a surface gravity of $\log g = 3.5$-$4.0$ [dex] depending upon model. These values agree well with other publications and with "hot-start" predictions from planetary evolution models. Further, we find that the spectrum of $\beta$ Pic b best matches a low-surface gravity L2$\pm$1 brown dwarf. Finally comparing the spectrum to field brown dwarfs we find the the spectrum best matches 2MASS J04062677-381210 and 2MASS J03552337+1133437.