# Chondrule Accretion with a Growing Protoplanet

## TL;DR

This study analyzes how growing protoplanets influence chondrule accretion, revealing that planetesimals, especially smaller ones, can accrete about half of the chondrules formed, with this fraction being robust across various parameters.

## Contribution

It provides an analytical model of chondrule accretion during oligarchic growth, considering the effects of a protoplanet on planetesimal dynamics and accretion efficiency.

## Key findings

- Planetesimals accrete about half of the formed chondrules.
- Smaller planetesimals accrete more chondrules than larger ones.
- The accretion fraction remains stable across a wide parameter range.

## Abstract

Chondrules are primitive materials in the Solar System. They are formed in the first about 3 Myr of the Solar System's history. This timescale is longer than that of Mars formation, and it is conceivable that protoplanets, planetesimals and chondrules might have existed simultaneously in the solar nebula. Due to protoplanets perturbation on the planetesimal dynamics and chondrule accretion on them, all the formed chondrules are unlikely to be accreted by planetesimals. We investigate the amount of chondrules accreted by planetesimals in such a condition. We assume that a protoplanet is in oligarchic growth, and we perform analytical calculations of chondrule accretion both by a protoplanet and by planetesimals. Through the oligarchic growth stage, planetesimals accrete about half of the formed chondrules. The smallest planetesimals get the largest amount of the chondrules, compared with the amount accreted by more massive planetesimals. We perform a parameter study and find that this fraction is not largely changed for a wide range of parameter sets.