# A setup for fast cooling of liquids in sealed containers and at intermediate temperatures

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a simple, scalable cooling system using cold nitrogen gas that significantly reduces cooling times for liquids in sealed containers, achieving as low as 3 minutes compared to traditional methods.

## Contribution

The paper presents a novel, optimized cooling setup utilizing nitrogen gas gradients, with experimental validation and modeling showing its efficiency and scalability for various container sizes.

## Key findings

- Cooling times as low as 3 minutes for 500 cm3 containers.
- Convection within the liquid is key for rapid heat transfer.
- Container material's thermal conductivity limits cooling rate.

## Abstract

We present a simple layout of a fast cooling system for liquids in sealed containers utilizing the large temperature gradients of cold nitrogen gas. Our system is optimized for about 20 cylindrical containers of 500 cm3 but the setup allows for simple up- and downscaling as well as the use of arbitrary containers. We have characterized the cooling performance of our system experimentally for liquid temperatures in the range from room temperature down to the freezing point at ~ -2 {\deg}C. With our system we achieve container cooling times as low as 3 min, a significant reduction if compared to cooling times with common methods in the range of 8 to 40 min. Modeling of the cooling process proves that convection within the liquid is crucial for quick heat transfer and that the most important factor limiting the cooling rate is the thermal conductivity of the container material.