Lensless Photography with only an image sensor

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a lensless imaging technique using a bare CMOS sensor combined with computational algorithms, enabling simple, optics-free cameras for static and video imaging.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method for lensless imaging that leverages space-variant point-spread functions and reconstruction algorithms, eliminating the need for traditional optics.

Findings

Successful imaging of objects displayed on LED and LCD screens

Achieved video imaging at the sensor's native frame rate

Analyzed the impact of object distance on image quality

Abstract

Photography usually requires optics in conjunction with a recording device (an image sensor). Eliminating the optics could lead to new form factors for cameras. Here, we report a simple demonstration of imaging using a bare CMOS sensor that utilizes computation. The technique relies on the space variant point-spread functions resulting from the interaction of a point source in the field of view with the image sensor. These space-variant point-spread functions are combined with a reconstruction algorithm in order to image simple objects displayed on a discrete LED array as well as on an LCD screen. We extended the approach to video imaging at the native frame rate of the sensor. Finally, we performed experiments to analyze the parametric impact of the object distance. Improving the sensor designs and reconstruction algorithms can lead to useful cameras without optics.