# Lower Bounding Diffusion Constant by the Curvature of Drude Weight

## TL;DR

This paper derives a lower bound on the diffusion constant in quantum systems based on the curvature of the Drude weight, providing insights into transport properties in the anisotropic Heisenberg chain.

## Contribution

It introduces a general method to bound the diffusion constant using the curvature of the Drude weight, applicable to integrable quantum models.

## Key findings

- Lower bound on diffusion constant for anisotropic Heisenberg chain at high temperature.
- The bound confirms non-sub-diffusive transport for certain parameters.
- Saturation of the bound demonstrated in a classical integrable model.

## Abstract

We establish a general connection between ballistic and diffusive transport in systems where the ballistic contribution in canonical ensemble vanishes. A lower bound on the Green-Kubo diffusion constant is derived in terms of the curvature of the ideal transport coefficient, the Drude weight, with respect to the filling parameter. As an application, we explicitly determine the lower bound on the high temperature diffusion constant in the anisotropic spin 1/2 Heisenberg chain for anisotropy parameters $\Delta \geq 1$, thus settling the question whether the transport is sub-diffusive or not. Addi- tionally, the lower bound is shown to saturate the diffusion constant for a certain classical integrable model.