# Room-temperature current-induced generation and motion of sub-100nm skyrmions

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates room-temperature generation and current-driven motion of sub-100 nm skyrmions in magnetic multilayers, revealing the influence of magnetic inhomogeneities and external magnetic fields on their stability and dynamics.

## Contribution

It introduces a method for nucleating and moving sub-100 nm skyrmions using homogeneous current injection and analyzes the effects of magnetic inhomogeneities and out-of-plane magnetic fields.

## Key findings

- Skyrmions can be generated in a nanotrack via homogeneous current injection.
- Spin-transfer torque can induce skyrmion motion at room temperature.
- Magnetic inhomogeneities significantly affect skyrmion dynamics.

## Abstract

Magnetic skyrmions are nanoscale windings of the spin configuration that hold great promise for technology due to their topology-related properties and extremely reduced sizes. After the recent observation at room temperature of sub-100 nm skyrmions stabilized by interfacial chiral interaction in magnetic multilayers, several pending questions remain to be solved, notably about the means to nucleate individual compact skyrmions or the exact nature of their motion. In this study, a method leading to the formation of magnetic skyrmions in a micrometer-sized nanotrack using homogeneous current injection is evidenced. Spin-transfer-induced motion of these small electricalcurrent-generated skyrmions is then demonstrated and the role of the out-of-plane magnetic field in the stabilization of the moving skyrmions is also analysed. The results of these experimental observations of spin torque induced motion are compared to micromagnetic simulations reproducing a granular type, non-uniform magnetic multilayer, in order to address the particularly important role of the magnetic inhomogeneities on the current-induced motion of sub-100 nm skyrmions, for which the material grains size is comparable to the skyrmion diameter.