A New self-propelled magnetic bearing with helical windings

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel self-propelled magnetic bearing design using helical windings, offering high load capacity, stability, and efficiency without sensors, by employing active control and a unique architecture.

Contribution

It presents a new magnetic bearing design with a helical winding architecture and active control, improving stability and load support without eccentricity sensors.

Findings

Design achieves stable levitation in all degrees of freedom.

The torque angle is independent of rotor position, simplifying control.

Magnetic field calculations confirm stability and force generation.

Abstract

In this work a design is proposed for an active, permanent magnet based, self-propelled magnetic bearing i.e. levitating motor having the following features : (a) simple winding structure, (b) high load supporting capacity, (c) no eccentricity sensors, (d) stable confinement in all translational dimensions, (e) stable confinement in all rotational dimensions and (f) high efficiency. This design uses an architecture consisting of a helically wound three-phase stator, and a rotor with the magnets also arranged in a helical manner. Active control is used to excite the rotor at a torque angle lying in the second quadrant. This torque angle is independent of the rotor's position inside the stator cavity hence the control algorithm is similar to that of a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor. It is motivated through a physical argument that the bearing rotor develops a lift force proportional to the output torque and that it remains stably confined in space. These assertions are then proved rigorously through a calculation of the magnetic fields, forces and torques. The stiffness matrix of the system is presented and a discussion of stable and unstable operating regions is given.