# Direct observation of spin-quadrupolar excitations in Sr$_2$CoGe$_2$O$_7$ by high field ESR

## TL;DR

This study reports the direct detection of spin-quadrupolar excitations in Sr$_2$CoGe$_2$O$_7$ using high-field ESR, revealing a quadrupolar bimagnon mode that couples to electric fields, advancing understanding of multipolar order in spin insulators.

## Contribution

First experimental observation of a purely quadrupolar bimagnon mode in a multiferroic insulator via high-field ESR, confirming theoretical selection rules and coupling mechanisms.

## Key findings

- Identification of a quadrupolar bimagnon mode in ESR spectra.
- Coupling of the mode to electric fields enables its experimental detection.
- Agreement between experimental results and theoretical analysis of selection rules.

## Abstract

Exotic spin-multipolar ordering in spin transition metal insulators has so far eluded unambiguous experimental observation. A less studied, but perhaps more feasible fingerprint of multipole character emerges in the excitation spectrum in the form of quadrupolar transitions. Such multipolar excitations are desirable as they can be manipulated with the use of light or electric field and can be captured by means of conventional experimental techniques. Here we study single crystals of multiferroic Sr$_2$CoGe$_2$O$_7$, and show that due to its nearly isotropic nature a purely quadrupolar bimagnon mode appears in the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. This non-magnetic spin-excitation couples to the electric field of the light and becomes observable for a specific experimental configuration, in full agreement with a theoretical analysis of the selection rules.