# On the approximation of convex bodies by ellipses with respect to the symmetric difference metric

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the uniqueness of maximal intersection ellipsoids approximating convex bodies in the plane, proving uniqueness in 2D by showing the intersection volume function is strictly quasiconcave.

## Contribution

It establishes the uniqueness of MI ellipses in two dimensions and characterizes maximal intersection positions under transversality assumptions.

## Key findings

- Proves uniqueness of MI ellipses in 2D.
- Shows the intersection volume function is strictly quasiconcave.
- Provides a characterization of maximal intersection positions.

## Abstract

Given a centrally symmetric convex body $K \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ and a positive number $\lambda$, we consider, among all ellipsoids $E \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ of volume $\lambda$, those that best approximate $K$ with respect to the symmetric difference metric, or equivalently that maximize the volume of $E\cap K$: these are the maximal intersection (MI) ellipsoids introduced by Artstein-Avidan and Katzin. The question of uniqueness of MI ellipsoids (under the obviously necessary assumption that $\lambda$ is between the volumes of the John and the Loewner ellipsoids of $K$) is open in general. We provide a positive answer to this question in dimension $d=2$. Therefore we obtain a continuous $1$-parameter family of ellipses interpolating between the John and the Loewner ellipses of $K$. In order to prove uniqueness, we show that the area $I_K(E)$ of the intersection $K \cap E$ is a strictly quasiconcave function of the ellipse $E$, with respect to the natural affine structure on the set of ellipses of area $\lambda$. The proof relies on smoothening $K$, putting it in general position, and obtaining uniform estimates for certain derivatives of the function $I_K(.)$. Finally, we provide a characterization of maximal intersection positions, that is, the situation where the MI ellipse of $K$ is the unit disk, under the assumption that the two boundaries are transverse.