# Tidal Disruption of Stars by Supermassive Black Holes -- XMM-Newton Highlights and the Next Decade

## TL;DR

This paper reviews XMM-Newton's contributions to understanding stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs), highlighting their significance for probing extreme accretion physics, relativistic effects, and black hole demographics, with future surveys promising many discoveries.

## Contribution

It summarizes recent XMM-Newton findings on TDEs and discusses the upcoming potential of sky surveys to expand this research area.

## Key findings

- TDEs are powerful probes of accretion physics and relativistic effects.
- XMM-Newton has contributed to understanding TDEs and their emission mechanisms.
- Upcoming surveys will detect thousands of TDEs, opening new research opportunities.

## Abstract

This article provides a summary of XMM-Newton highlights on stellar tidal disruption events. First found with ROSAT, ongoing and upcoming sky surveys will detect these events in the 1000s. In X- rays, tidal disruption events (TDEs) provide us with powerful new probes of accretion physics under extreme conditions and on short timescales and of relativistic effects near the SMBH, of the formation and evolution of disk winds near or above the Eddington limit, and of the processes of high-energy emission from newly launched radio jets. TDEs serve as signposts of the presence of dormant, single black holes at the cores of galaxies, and of binary black holes as well, since TDE lightcurves are characteristically different in the latter case. XMM-Newton has started to contribute to all of these topics, and a rich discovery space is opening up in the next decade.