# A Monte Carlo approach to magnetar-powered transients: II. Broad-lined type Ic supernovae not associated with GRBs

## TL;DR

This study systematically analyzes a large sample of broad-lined type Ic supernovae not linked to gamma-ray bursts, demonstrating that a magnetar plus 56Ni model effectively explains their light curves and velocities, with implications for explosion energy and magnetic fields.

## Contribution

It provides the first comprehensive analysis of SNe Ic-BL without GRBs using a magnetar+56Ni model, highlighting its effectiveness over alternative models.

## Key findings

- Magnetar+56Ni model fits light curves and velocities well.
- Reduced 56Ni mass needed compared to previous models.
- Some SNe are better explained by pure magnetar or two-component models.

## Abstract

Broad-lined type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-BL) are a subclass of rare core collapse SNe whose energy source is debated in the literature. Recently a series of investigations on SNe Ic-BL with the magnetar (plus 56Ni) model were carried out. Evidence for magnetar formation was found for the well-observed SNe Ic-BL 1998bw and 2002ap. In this paper we systematically study a large sample of SNe Ic-BL not associated with gamma-ray bursts. We use photospheric velocity data determined in a homogeneous way. We find that the magnetar+56Ni model provides a good description of the light curves and velocity evolution of our sample of SNe Ic-BL, although some SNe (not all) can also be described by the pure-magnetar model or by the two-component pure-56Ni model (3 out of 12 are unlikely explained by two-component model). In the magnetar+56Ni model, the amount of 56Ni required to explain their luminosity is significantly reduced, and the derived initial explosion energy is, in general, in accordance with neutrino heating. Some correlations between different physical parameters are evaluated and their implications regarding magnetic field amplification and the total energy reservoir are discussed.