# Space tests of the strong equivalence principle: BepiColombo and the Sun-Earth Lagrangian points opportunity

## TL;DR

This paper discusses upcoming space-based experiments, including BepiColombo and Lagrangian point ranging, to test the strong equivalence principle with higher precision than current ground-based methods.

## Contribution

It proposes new space experiments to measure the Nordtvedt parameter {ta} with improved accuracy, surpassing existing ground-based constraints.

## Key findings

- BepiColombo could measure {ta} with an accuracy of about 10^{-5}
- Lagrangian point ranging can provide constraints comparable to lunar laser ranging
- The experiments aim to test the strong equivalence principle more precisely than current methods.

## Abstract

The validity of General Relativity, after 100 years, is supported by solid experimental evidence. However, there is a lot of interest in pushing the limits of precision by other experiments. Here we focus our attention on the equivalence principle, in particular the strong form. The results of ground experiments and lunar laser ranging have provided the best upper limit on the Nordtvedt parameter {\eta} that models deviations from the strong equivalence principle. Its uncertainty is currently {\sigma}[{\eta}] =4.4 $\times$ $10^{-4}$. In the first part of this paper we will describe the experiment, to measure {\eta}, that will be done by the future mission BepiColombo. The expected precision on {\eta} is $\approx$ $10^{-5}$. In the second part we will consider the ranging between the Earth and a spacecraft orbiting near the Sun-Earth Lagrangian points to get an independent measurement of {\eta}. In this case, we forecast a constraint similar to that achieved by lunar laser ranging.