# Entanglement scaling and spatial correlations of the transverse field Ising model with perturbations

## TL;DR

This paper investigates entanglement entropy and spatial correlations in a perturbed one-dimensional transverse field Ising model, exploring non-equilibrium steady states, near-integrability effects, and periodic bond modulations.

## Contribution

It provides a comprehensive numerical analysis of entanglement and correlations under various perturbations, including energy currents and periodic bond structures, expanding understanding of phase diagrams and critical behavior.

## Key findings

- Confirmed phase diagram and entanglement entropy in steady states with energy current
- Calculated correlations and entanglement properties near integrability
- Identified a critical weak bond scaling with the transverse field as (h/J)^n

## Abstract

We study numerically the entanglement entropy and spatial correlations of the one dimensional transverse field Ising model with three different perturbations. First, we focus on the out of equilibrium, steady state with an energy current passing through the system. By employing a variety of matrix-product state based methods, we confirm the phase diagram and compute the entanglement entropy. Second, we consider a small perturbation that takes the system away from integrability and calculate the correlations, the central charge and the entanglement entropy. Third, we consider periodically weakened bonds, exploring the phase diagram and entanglement properties first in the situation when the weak and strong bonds alternate (period two-bonds) and then the general situation of a period of n bonds. In the latter case we find a critical weak bond that scales with the transverse field as $J'_c/J$ = $(h/J)^n$, where $J$ is the strength of the strong bond, $J'$ of the weak bond and $h$ the transverse field. We explicitly show that the energy current is not a conserved quantity in this case.