# Magnetic Origin of Black Hole Winds Across the Mass Scale

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wind models can explain the diverse X-ray outflows observed in black hole accretion disks, suggesting a universal magnetic origin across different black hole masses.

## Contribution

It extends existing MHD wind models from supermassive to stellar-mass black holes, providing a unified theoretical framework for black hole winds.

## Key findings

- MHD wind models fit the spectrum of GRO J1655-40
- Supports a universal magnetic structure of black hole winds
- Confirms MHD origin of outflows across mass scales

## Abstract

Black hole accretion disks appear to produce invariably plasma outflows that result in blue-shifted absorption features in their spectra. The X-ray absorption-line properties of these outflows are quite diverse, ranging in velocity from non-relativistic ($\sim 300$ km/sec) to sub-relativistic ($\sim 0.1c$ where $c$ is the speed of light) and a similarly broad range in the ionization states of the wind plasma. We report here that semi-analytic, self-similar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wind models that have successfully accounted for the X-ray absorber properties of supermassive black holes, also fit well the high-resolution X-ray spectrum of the accreting stellar-mass black hole, GRO J1655-40. This provides an explicit theoretical argument of their MHD origin (aligned with earlier observational claims) and supports the notion of a universal magnetic structure of the observed winds across all known black hole sizes.