# Relay-Assisted Mixed FSO/RF Systems over M\'alaga-$\mathcal{M}$ and $\kappa$-$\mu$ Shadowed Fading Channels

## TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive analytical model for relay-assisted mixed free-space optical and radio frequency systems, incorporating various detection techniques and a wide range of fading channel models, unifying many existing approaches.

## Contribution

It introduces a unified mathematical framework that covers diverse FSO/RF systems and fading conditions, including Málaga-$oldsymbol{ ext{M}}$ and $oldsymbol{ ext{kappa}}$-$oldsymbol{ ext{mu}}$ shadowed fading.

## Key findings

- Provides closed-form expressions for system performance metrics.
- Unifies multiple fading models within a single analytical framework.
- Facilitates performance analysis of mixed FSO/RF systems under various conditions.

## Abstract

This letter presents a unified analytical framework for relay-assisted mixed FSO/RF transmission. In addition to accounting for different FSO detection techniques, the mathematical model offers a twofold unification of mixed FSO/RF systems by considering mixed M\'alaga-$\mathcal{M}$/$\kappa$-$\mu$ shadowed fading, which includes as special cases nearly all linear turbulence/fading models adopted in the open literature.