# Quartified Leptonic Color, Bound States, and Future Electron-Positron Collider

## TL;DR

This paper discusses a theoretical model predicting new leptonic bound states called hemionium, which could be detected as sharp resonances at future electron-positron colliders, expanding our understanding of leptonic color confinement.

## Contribution

It explores the phenomenology of quartified leptonic color and predicts observable hemionium resonances at future colliders, extending previous models with potential experimental signatures.

## Key findings

- Hemionium states are expected as sharp resonances.
- Leptonic color $SU(2)$ becomes strong at keV scale.
- Bound states of hemions are challenging to detect at LHC.

## Abstract

The $[SU(3)]^4$ quartification model of Babu, Ma, and Willenbrock (BMW), proposed in 2003, predicts a confining leptonic color $SU(2)$ gauge symmetry, which becomes strong at the keV scale. It also predicts the existence of three families of half-charged leptons (hemions) below the TeV scale. These hemions are confined to form bound states which are not so easy to discover at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). However, just as $J/\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ appeared as sharp resonances in $e^-e^+$ colliders of the 20th century, the corresponding 'hemionium' states are expected at a future $e^-e^+$ collider of the 21st century.