# On exponential suppression of the cosmological constant in non-SUSY strings at two loops and beyond

## TL;DR

This paper identifies criteria ensuring exponential suppression of the two-loop cosmological constant in non-supersymmetric heterotic string models, based on spectrum and charge conditions, supporting the idea of naturalness without supersymmetry.

## Contribution

It introduces two independent, spectrum-dependent criteria for exponential suppression of the two-loop cosmological constant in non-SUSY strings, applicable without fine-tuning.

## Key findings

- Criteria guarantee exponential suppression at two loops.
- Suppression depends solely on spectrum and charges.
- Models satisfying criteria can realize naturalness without SUSY.

## Abstract

Two independent criteria are presented that together guarantee exponential suppression of the two-loop cosmological constant in non-supersymmetric heterotic strings. They are derived by performing calculations in both the full string theory and in its underlying effective field theory, and come respectively from contributions that involve only physical untwisted states, and contributions that include orbifold twisted states. The criteria depend purely on the spectrum and charges, so a model that satisfies them will do so with no fine-tuning. An additional consistency condition (emerging from the so-called separating degeneration limit of the two-loop diagram) is that the one-loop cosmological constant must also be suppressed, by Bose-Fermi degeneracy in the massless spectrum. We remark that theories of this kind, that have continued exponential suppression to higher orders, can form the basis for a string implementation of the "naturalness without supersymmetry" idea.