# Probing sub-GeV dark sectors via high energy proton beams at LBNF/DUNE and MiniBooNE

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how high-energy proton fixed target experiments like LBNF and MiniBooNE can detect sub-GeV dark sectors, especially leptophobic dark forces, by analyzing off-axis detector sensitivities and existing data.

## Contribution

It demonstrates MiniBooNE's potential to explore new parameter space for leptophobic dark forces in the 1 MeV to 10 GeV mass range using existing and future data.

## Key findings

- MiniBooNE can probe new regions of leptophobic dark force parameter space.
- Existing MiniBooNE data already constrains certain dark sector models.
- A dedicated beam dump run would significantly enhance sensitivity to lighter dark sector particles.

## Abstract

We study the sensitivity to sub-GeV dark sectors of high energy ($ \geq100$ GeV) proton fixed target experiments such as the Main Injector and the future Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF). We focus on off-axis detectors since they have been shown to be the ideal location to reduce the neutrino background. We consider MiniBooNE as an off-axis detector for the NuMI facility and a hypotetical detector for LBNF located 200 m away from the target and 6.5 degrees off-axis. We find that with the existing data, MiniBoone can explore new regions of the parameter space for leptophobic dark forces in the 100 MeV- few GeV mass range. The dedicated MiniBooNE run in beam dump mode would further improve the reach for even lighter masses. Therefore, MiniBooNE has the potential to be one of the most sensitive probe of leptophobic dark forces for masses between 1 MeV-10 GeV.