Software Architectures for Robotics Systems: A Systematic Mapping Study

TL;DR

This systematic mapping study reviews 56 papers on software architectures in robotics, highlighting research themes, architectural evolution, and emerging trends like cloud robotics to guide future development and research.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive taxonomy and systematic map of existing solutions, frameworks, and trends in architecture-driven robotic software development.

Findings

Identified eight research themes supporting robotic software activities.

Documented evolution from object-oriented to service-driven architectures.

Highlighted the rise of cloud robotics as an emerging trend.

Abstract

Software architecture related issues are important for robotic systems. Architecture centric development and evolution of software for robotic systems has been attracting researchers attention for more than two decades. The objective of this work is to systematically identify, taxonomically classify and holistically map existing solutions, research progress and trends that influence architecture-driven modeling, development and evolution of robotic software. We carried out a Systematic Mapping Study to identify and analyze the relevant literature based on 56 peer-reviewed papers. We extract and synthesize the data from selected papers to taxonomically classify the existing research and systematically map the solutions, frameworks, notations and evaluation methods to highlight the role of software architecture in robotic systems. We have identified eight distinct research themes that support architectural solutions to enable operations, evolution and development specific activities of robotic software. The research in this area has progressed from object oriented to component based and now to service driven robotics representing different architectural generations. The reported solutions have exploited model-driven, service oriented and reverse engineering techniques since 2005. An emerging trend is cloud robotics that exploits the foundations of service driven architectures to support an interconnected web of robots. The results of this SMS facilitate knowledge transfer, benefiting researchers and practitioners, focused on exploiting software architecture to model, develop and evolve robotic systems.