# Bandwidth broadening of X-ray free electron laser pulses with the natural gradient of planar undulator

## TL;DR

This paper explores how the natural gradient of planar undulators can be utilized to significantly broaden the bandwidth of X-ray free-electron laser pulses, enhancing their versatility for scientific applications.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel method using transversely tilted beams and the natural gradient effect to achieve large bandwidth in X-ray FELs, confirmed by simulations.

## Key findings

- Bandwidth increased by an order of magnitude with optimized parameters.
- Simulation results confirm theoretical predictions.
- Potential for wider scientific application of FELs.

## Abstract

Besides the target to pursue the narrow bandwidth X-ray pulses, the large bandwidth free-electron laser pulses are also strongly demanded to satisfy a wide range of scientific user experiments. In this paper, using the transversely tilt beam enabled by deflecting cavity and/or corrugated structure, the potential of large bandwidth X-ray free-electron lasers generation with the natural gradient of the planar undulator are discussed. Simulations confirm the theoretical prediction, and X-ray free-electron laser bandwidth indicates an increase of one order of magnitude with the optimized parameters.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1701.04546