# Electrical Tuning of Polarizaion-state Using Graphene-Integrated Metasurfaces

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a graphene-integrated metasurface that dynamically controls the polarization state of reflected light, enabling tunable ellipticity and orientation through electrical gating.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel graphene-integrated anisotropic metasurface for active, electrical tuning of polarization states of reflected light.

## Key findings

- Large changes in ellipticity and orientation angle achieved
- Independent control of tilt angle and ellipticity demonstrated
- Experimental validation of dynamic polarization tuning

## Abstract

Plasmonic metasurfaces have been employed for tuning and controlling light enabling various novel applications. Their appeal is enhanced with the incorporation of an active element with the metasurfaces paving the way for dynamic control. In this letter, we realize a dynamic polarization state generator using graphene-integrated anisotropic metasurface (GIAM), where a linear incidence polarization is controllably converted into an elliptical one. The anisotropic metasurface leads to an intrinsic polarization conversion when illuminated with non-orthogonal incident polarization. Additionally, the single-layer graphene allows us to tune the phase and intensity of the reflected light on the application of a gate voltage, enabling dynamic polarization control. The stokes polarization parameters of the reflected light are measured using rotating polarizer method and it is demonstrated that a large change in the ellipticity as well as orientation angle can be induced by this device. We also provide experimental evidence that the titl angle can change independent of the ellipticity going from positive values to nearly zero to negative values while ellipticity is constant.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1701.04359