# Numerical study of wet plastic particle separation using a coupled DEM-SPH method

## TL;DR

This paper presents a numerical analysis of plastic particle separation in a liquid-filled drum using a coupled DEM-SPH method, aiming to optimize waste recycling processes by understanding operational influences.

## Contribution

It introduces a coupled DEM-SPH simulation approach for modeling plastic separation in a rotating drum, including validation and analysis of operational parameters.

## Key findings

- DEM-SPH effectively models fluid-particle interactions.
- Operational parameters significantly affect separation purity.
- Simulation results can guide process optimization.

## Abstract

The separation of different kind of plastic particles is required in the process of waste recycling. For the separation drum processes passed through by a liquid are applicable. Thereby the separation is based on the principle that particles either sink or float in a liquid depending on their densities. In this study the aforementioned process is numerically analysed for the separation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from polypropylene (PP) particles. The Discrete Element Method coupled with the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method (DEM-SPH) is used for modelling purposes. The employment of the SPH for the modelling of the liquid let us exploit the strong side of this mesh-less method, namely, the relative easiness to model large movements of the fluid together with free surfaces and moving boundaries. The used theoretical model is presented and validation tests are performed, where a dam-break problem is considered as an example. Simulations of the plastic particle separation in the rotating drum are performed thereafter. The influence of the different operational and design parameters, such as the rotational velocity, the feed rate, the number of lifters etc., on the resultant purity of the plastic is estimated. It is expected that in the future the performed analysis will allow to optimise drum separation processes.