Vorticity in heavy-ion collisions at the JINR Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility

TL;DR

This paper investigates the vorticity generated in noncentral heavy-ion collisions at NICA energies using 3FD simulations, revealing its localization at participant-spectator borders and implications for hyperon polarization.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed simulation study of vorticity in heavy-ion collisions at NICA energies, highlighting its spatial distribution and effects on hyperon polarization.

Findings

Vorticity is mainly located at the border between participants and spectators.

Hyperon polarization is stronger at fragmentation region rapidities.

Simulation results align qualitatively with earlier models.

Abstract

Vorticity of matter generated in noncentral heavy-ion collisions at energies of the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna is studied. Simulations are performed within the model of the three-fluid dynamics (3FD) which reproduces the major part of bulk observables at these energies. Comparison with earlier calculations is done. Qualitative pattern of the vorticity evolution is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the vorticity is mainly located at the border between participants and spectators. In particular, this implies that the relative $\Lambda$-hyperon polarization should be stronger at rapidities of the fragmentation regions than that in the midrapidity region.