Heavy quarks within the electroweak multiplet

TL;DR

This paper presents a unified spin basis formulation of the Standard Model's electroweak sector, deriving relations among quark masses and proposing that heavy quarks and electroweak bosons form a multiplet.

Contribution

It introduces a shared spin basis for the electroweak Lagrangian, linking quark masses and bosons, and derives a sum rule for quark masses, suggesting a multiplet structure.

Findings

Relation m_t^2 + m_b^2 = v^2/2 for quark masses

Approximate top quark mass of 173.9 GeV from the model

Electroweak bosons and heavy quarks form a multiplet

Abstract

Standard-model fields and their associated electroweak Lagrangian are equivalently expressed in a shared spin basis. The scalar-vector terms are written with scalar-operator components acting on quark-doublet elements, and shown to be parametrization-invariant. Such terms, and the t- and b-quark Yukawa terms are linked by the identification of the common mass-generating Higgs operating upon the other fields, after acquiring a vacuum expectation value $v$. Thus, the customary vector masses are related to the fermions', fixing the t-quark mass $m_t$ with the relation $m^2_t+m^2_b=v^2/2$ either for maximal hierarchy, or given the b-quark mass $m_b$, implying $m_t \simeq 173.9$ GeV, for $v=246$ GeV. A sum rule is derived for all quark masses that generalizes this restriction. An interpretation follows that electroweak bosons and heavy quarks belong in a multiplet.