A Molecular Implementation of the Least Mean Squares Estimator

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel molecular implementation of the LMS algorithm, enabling synthetic biological circuits to adapt to environmental changes using simple biomolecular reactions.

Contribution

It introduces a minimal reaction-based approach to realize LMS adaptation in molecular circuits, bridging control theory and synthetic biology.

Findings

Successful simulation of molecular LMS implementation

Potential for adaptive synthetic biological systems

Relevance to environmental disturbance compensation

Abstract

In order to function reliably, synthetic molecular circuits require mechanisms that allow them to adapt to environmental disturbances. Least mean squares (LMS) schemes, such as commonly encountered in signal processing and control, provide a powerful means to accomplish that goal. In this paper we show how the traditional LMS algorithm can be implemented at the molecular level using only a few elementary biomolecular reactions. We demonstrate our approach using several simulation studies and discuss its relevance to synthetic biology.