Generalized polarizabilities of the nucleon in baryon chiral perturbation theory

TL;DR

This paper calculates the nucleon generalized polarizabilities using baryon chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order, providing predictions that agree with experimental data and highlighting differences from previous heavy-baryon approaches.

Contribution

It presents the first next-to-leading order baryon chiral perturbation theory calculations of nucleon GPs and VCS observables, offering improved theoretical predictions.

Findings

Good agreement with experimental VCS data

Large discrepancies with previous heavy-baryon chiral calculations

Discussion of differences between BχPT and HBχPT

Abstract

The nucleon generalized polarizabilities (GPs), probed in virtual Compton scattering (VCS), describe the spatial distribution of the polarization density in a nucleon. They are accessed experimentally via the process of electron-proton bremsstrahlung ($ep\to ep\gamma$) at electron-beam facilities, such as MIT-Bates, CEBAF (Jefferson Lab), and MAMI (Mainz). We present the calculation of the nucleon GPs and VCS observables at next-to-leading order in baryon chiral perturbation theory (B$\chi$PT), and confront the results with the empirical information. At this order our results are predictions, in the sense that all the parameters are well-known from elsewhere. Within the relatively large uncertainties of our calculation we find good agreement with the experimental observations of VCS and the empirical extractions of the GPs. We find large discrepancies with previous chiral calculations---all done in heavy-baryon $\chi$PT (HB$\chi$PT)---and discuss the differences between B$\chi$PT and HB$\chi$PT responsible for these discrepancies.