Time Dependent $\hat{q}$ from AdS/CFT

TL;DR

This paper calculates the jet quenching parameter  for light quarks using AdS/CFT, revealing time-dependent behavior, universal late-time dynamics, and angular ordering, with implications for heavy-ion collision experiments.

Contribution

First AdS/CFT calculation of  for light quark jets as a function of time, incorporating dynamic behavior and universal late-time physics.

Findings

 varies with time, showing ballistic then diffusive behavior.

AdS/CFT predicts angular ordering in medium, unlike weak-coupling.

Results can be integrated into -based energy loss models.

Abstract

We present the first ever AdS/CFT calculation of $\hat{q}$ for a light quark jet as a function of position or, equivalently, time. Our result does not suffer from the gamma factor blow up of the usual time-independent AdS/CFT heavy quark setup and is qualitatively similar to, but differs by $\sim\mathcal{O}(1)$ factor from, the light flavor result of Liu, Rajagopal, and Wiedemann. Our findings can be immediately implemented into any $\hat{q}$-based energy loss model. Our $\hat{q}$ derivation relies on our calculation of the average distance squared, $s^2(t)$, travelled by the endpoint of a string falling in an AdS$_3$-Schwarzschild spacetime. The early time behavior is ballistic, $s^2(t)\sim t^2$, but the late time behavior is the usual diffusive Brownian motion, $s^2(t)\sim t$. These late time dynamics are universal and depend only on the near-horizon physics, which allows us to generalize our results to arbitrary dimensions and thus make contact with the physics explored by RHIC and LHC. Additionally, we find that AdS/CFT predicts angular ordering for radiation in medium, just as in vacuum, and in contradistinction to weak-coupling, with its anti-angular ordering prediction. Finally, our results also imply, sensibly, that AdS/CFT predicts a smooth interpolation between the angular correlations of open heavy flavor and light flavor observables.