Phase diagram for the trapped p-wave fermionic superfluid with population imbalance

TL;DR

This paper explores the phase diagram of trapped p-wave fermionic superfluids with population imbalance, revealing multiple superfluid states and shell structures influenced by trapping potential and angular components.

Contribution

It introduces a mean-field analysis of p-wave superfluid pairing in imbalanced Fermi gases considering trapping effects, identifying multiple low-energy superfluid states.

Findings

Multiple superfluid states depend on trap position.

Superfluid shells can have two angular components of the order parameter zero.

Distinct phase structures emerge in the trap.

Abstract

We consider the problem of spin-triplet p-wave superfluid pairing with total spin projection $m_s=0$ in atomic Fermi gas across the Feshbach resonance. We allow for imbalanced populations and take into account the effects due to presence of a parabolic trapping potential. Within the mean-field approximation for the one- and two-channel pairing models we show that depending on the distance from the center of a trap at least two superfluid states will have the lowest energy. Superfluid shells which emerge in a trap may have two out of three angular components of the p-wave superfluid order parameter equal to zero.