Rings beyond the giant planets

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent discoveries of ring systems beyond the giant planets, including small Solar System bodies and exoplanets, highlighting that rings are more common than previously believed.

Contribution

It summarizes recent observational evidence and discusses implications of ring systems around diverse celestial objects beyond giant planets.

Findings

Rings discovered around Chariklo and potential rings around Rhea and Iapetus.

Possible detection of exoplanetary rings from transit events.

Evidence suggests rings are widespread in the universe.

Abstract

Until 2013, only the giant planets were known to host ring systems. In June 2013, a stellar occulation revealed the presence of narrow and dense rings around Chariklo, a small Centaur object that orbits between Saturn and Uranus. Meanwhile, the Cassini spacecraft revealed evidence for the possible past presence of rings around the Saturnian satellites Rhea and Iapetus. Mars and Pluto are expected to have tenuous dusty rings, though they have so far evaded detection. More remotely, transit events observed around a star in 2007 may have revealed for the first time exoplanetary rings around a giant planet orbiting that star. So, evidence is building to show that rings are more common features in the universe than previously thought. Several interesting issues arising from the discovery (or suspicion) of new ring systems are described in this chapter.