Scattering and Absorption Control in Biocompatible Fibers towards Equalized Photobiomodulation

TL;DR

This paper explores methods to achieve uniform light distribution in biocompatible fibers to optimize photobiomodulation for tissue regeneration, addressing a key challenge in biomedical illumination.

Contribution

It introduces and experimentally validates three techniques—surface scattering, gold mirror reflection, and traveling-waves—for equalizing light in tissue scaffolds.

Findings

Nearly equalized illumination achieved by controlling scattering-to-loss ratio

Surface scattering and mirror reflection effectively distribute light evenly

Traveling-waves in a ring mesh provide uniform illumination

Abstract

Transparent tissue scaffolds enable illumination of growing tissue to accelerate cell proliferation and improve other cell functions through photobiomodulation. The biphasic dose response of cells exposed to photobiomodulating light dictates that the illumination to be evenly distributed across the scaffold such that the cells are neither under nor over exposed to light. However, equalized illumination has not been sufficiently addressed. Here we analyze and experimentally demonstrate spatially equalizing illumination by three methods, namely, engineered surface scattering, reflection by a gold mirror, and traveling-waves in a ring mesh. Our results show that nearly equalized illumination is achievable by controlling the light scattering-to-loss ratio. This demonstration opens opportunities for dose-optimized photobiomodulation in tissue regeneration.