Non-Perturbative Renormalization Group for the Diffusive Epidemic Process

TL;DR

This paper revisits the field theory of the Diffusive Epidemic Process, analyzing its phase transition and symmetries using non-perturbative renormalization group methods, revealing the absence of a fixed point below three dimensions.

Contribution

It provides a detailed symmetry analysis and applies non-perturbative renormalization group techniques to clarify the universality class of DEP and DP-C models.

Findings

Fixed point of DP-C disappears below d≈3

Symmetries of DEP and DP-C models are clarified

Implications for the universality class of DEP are discussed

Abstract

We consider the Diffusive Epidemic Process (DEP), a two-species reaction-diffusion process originally proposed to model disease spread within a population. This model exhibits a phase transition from an active epidemic to an absorbing state without sick individuals. Field-theoretic analyses suggest that this transition belongs to the universality class of Directed Percolation with a Conserved quantity (DP-C). However, some exact predictions derived from the symmetries of DP-C seem to be in contradiction with lattice simulations. Here we revisit the field theory of both DP-C and DEP. We discuss in detail the symmetries present in the various formulations of both models, some of which had not been identified previously. We then investigate the DP-C model using the derivative expansion of the non-perturbative renormalization group formalism. We recover previous results for DP-C near its upper critical dimension $d_c=4$, but show how the corresponding fixed point seems to no longer exist below $d \lesssim 3$. Consequences for the DEP universality class are considered.