Shorter gate sequences for quantum computing by mixing unitaries

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method to reduce the length of quantum gate sequences by mixing different unitaries, effectively converting harmful coherent noise into less damaging incoherent noise, thus improving efficiency in quantum gate synthesis.

Contribution

The authors demonstrate that mixing unitaries can halve the gate sequence length needed for a given precision without extra resources, reducing coherent noise impact.

Findings

Mixing unitaries converts coherent noise into incoherent noise.

Post-mixing noise is quadratically smaller in diamond distance.

Shorter gate sequences achieve the same precision as traditional methods.

Abstract

Fault-tolerant quantum computers compose elements of a discrete gate set in order to approximate a target unitary. The problem of minimising the number of gates is known as gate-synthesis. The approximation error is a form of coherent noise, which can be significantly more damaging than comparable incoherent noise. We show how mixing over different gate sequences can convert this coherent noise into an incoherent form. As measured by diamond distance, the post-mixing noise is quadratically smaller than before mixing, with no additional resource cost. Equivalently, we can use a shorter gate sequence to achieve the same precision as unitary gate-synthesis, with a factor 1/2 reduction for a broad class of problems.