Light propagation in the gravitational field of one arbitrarily moving pointlike body in the 2PN approximation

TL;DR

This paper derives an analytical solution for light propagation near a moving pointlike mass in the 2PN approximation, enabling high-precision astrometry with nano-arcsecond accuracy.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed 2PN analytical solution for light trajectories around a moving mass in harmonic gauge, advancing precision in gravitational light deflection modeling.

Findings

Analytical expressions for light deflection and time delay are derived.

Solution applicable to arbitrary slow-motion of the mass.

Enhances the accuracy of astrometric measurements at nano-arcsecond level.

Abstract

An analytical solution for the light trajectory in the near-zone of the gravitational field of one pointlike body in arbitrary slow-motion in the post-post-Newtonian approximation is presented in harmonic gauge. Expressions for total light deflection and time delay are given. The presented solution is a further step toward high-precision astrometry aiming at nano-arcsecond level of accuracy.