A thermodynamic point of view on dark energy models

TL;DR

This paper analyzes two dark energy models from a thermodynamic perspective, assessing their compatibility with data and thermodynamic laws to evaluate their viability and distinguishability.

Contribution

It introduces a novel thermodynamic analysis of dark energy models, linking gravity and thermodynamics to test model viability beyond data fitting.

Findings

Models agree with recent observational data.

Thermodynamic constraints can help differentiate dark energy scenarios.

The generalized second law is satisfied in the analyzed models.

Abstract

We present a conjugate analysis of two different dark energy models investigating both their agreement with recent data and their thermodynamical properties. The successful match with the data allows to both constrain the model parameters and characterize their kinematical properties. As a novel step, we exploit the strong connection between gravity and thermodynamics to further check models viability by investigating their thermodynamical quantities. In particular, we study whether the cosmological scenario fulfills the generalized second law of thermodynamics and, moreover, we contrast the two model asking whether the evolution of the total entropy is in agreement with the expectation for a closed system. As a general result, we discuss whether thermodynamic constraints can be a valid complementary way to both constrain dark energy models and differentiate among rival scenarios.