The formalism for energy changing rate of an accelerated atom coupled with electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations

TL;DR

This paper develops a formalism to analyze the energy change rate of an atom moving arbitrarily in electromagnetic vacuum, deriving general Einstein coefficients and examining effects of temperature and acceleration.

Contribution

It extends previous formalisms to arbitrary stationary motions and provides general expressions for Einstein coefficients in such scenarios.

Findings

Derived general expressions for Einstein A coefficients for arbitrary stationary trajectories.

Analyzed the energy change rate of an atom near a finite temperature plate.

Investigated effects of acceleration and temperature on atomic energy variation.

Abstract

The structure of the rate of variation of the atomic energy for an arbitrary stationary motion of the atom in interaction with a quantum electromagnetic field is investigated. Our main purpose is to rewrite the formalism in Ref. \cite{zz} and to deduce the general expressions of the Einstein A coefficients of an atom on an arbitrary stationary trajectory. The total rate of change of the energy and Einstein coefficients of the atom near a plate with finite temperature or acceleration are also investigated.