Symplectic and antiplectic waves in an array of beating cilia attached to a closed body

TL;DR

This paper explores how hydrodynamic interactions in a linear array of model cilia attached to a cylinder influence the emergence of synchronized metachronal waves, specifically symplectic and antiplectic types, depending on initial conditions.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the conditions leading to symplectic and antiplectic wave formation in cilia arrays considering hydrodynamic effects.

Findings

Hydrodynamic interactions influence wave type emergence.

Initial conditions affect wave synchronization.

Conditions for symplectic and antiplectic waves are identified.

Abstract

By taking into account the hydrodynamic interactions in a one dimensional array of model cilia attached to a no-slip cylinderical surface, we investigate their synchronized motion. We show, how does the emergence of metachronal waves depend on the initial state of the system and investigate the conditions under which, the formation of symplectic and antiplectic waves are possible.