Neutrino oscillations in dense matter

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical framework for neutrino oscillations in dense matter, deriving an analog to the Dirac--Schwinger equation that accounts for quantum states and interactions in such environments.

Contribution

It introduces a modified electroweak theory treating fermions as multiplets, enabling calculations of neutrino oscillation probabilities and spin rotations in dense matter.

Findings

Derivation of an analog to the Dirac--Schwinger equation for neutrinos.

Framework for calculating long-distance neutrino process probabilities.

Inclusion of radiative corrections in neutrino oscillation calculations.

Abstract

We propose a modification of the electroweak theory, where the fermions with the same electroweak quantum numbers are combined in multiplets and are treated as different quantum states of a single particle. The developed approach enables one to calculate the probabilities of the processes taking place in the detector at long distances from the particle source. Calculations of higher-order processes including the computation of the contributions due to radiative corrections can be performed in the framework of the perturbation theory using the regular diagram technique. As a result, we obtain the analog to the Dirac--Schwinger equation of quantum electrodynamics describing neutrino oscillations and its spin rotation in dense matter.