Competing phases in spin ladders with ring exchange and frustration

TL;DR

This paper investigates the complex phase behavior of spin-1/2 ladders with frustration and ring exchange, revealing new incommensurate phases and providing a unified theoretical framework for understanding their ground states.

Contribution

It introduces a unified field theory for spin ladders with various couplings and uncovers a novel incommensurate phase with coexisting magnetic orders.

Findings

Identification of a new incommensurate phase in spin ladders

Coexistence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order parameters

Rich phase diagrams derived from renormalization group analysis

Abstract

The ground state properties of spin-1/2 ladders are studied, emphasizing the role of frustration and ring exchange coupling. We present a unified field theory for ladders with general coupling constants and geometry. Rich phase diagrams can be deduced by using a renormalization group calculation for ladders with in--chain next nearest neighbor interactions and plaquette ring exchange coupling. In addition to established phases such as Haldane, rung singlet, and dimerized phases, we also observe a surprising instability towards an incommensurate phase for weak interchain couplings, which is characterized by an exotic coexistence of self-consistent ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic order parameters.