Real-time measurement of nanotube resonator fluctuations in an electron microscope

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a highly sensitive real-time method using an electron microscope to measure thermal fluctuations of nanotube resonators, enabling new insights into nano-mechanical phenomena at room temperature.

Contribution

It introduces a novel electron microscopy-based technique for real-time detection of nanotube resonator fluctuations with unprecedented sensitivity.

Findings

Resolved thermally-driven Brownian motion in real-time

Achieved detection of nanotube vibrations at room temperature

Established potential for exploring quantum effects in nano-mechanics

Abstract

Mechanical resonators based on low-dimensional materials provide a unique platform for exploring a broad range of physical phenomena. The mechanical vibrational states are indeed extremely sensitive to charges, spins, photons, and adsorbed masses. However, the roadblock is often the readout of the resonator, since the detection of the vibrational states becomes increasingly difficult for smaller resonators. Here, we report an unprecedentedly sensitive method to detect nanotube resonators with effective masses in the 10^-20 kg range. We use the beam of an electron microscope to resolve the mechanical fluctuations of a nanotube in real-time for the first time. We obtain full access to the thermally-driven Brownian motion of the resonator, both in space and time domains. Our results establish the viability of carbon nanotube resonator technology at room temperature and pave the way towards the observation of novel thermodynamics regimes and quantum effects in nano-mechanics.