Insight into dielectric response of ferroelectric relaxors by statistical modeling

TL;DR

This paper introduces a statistical model based on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution to analyze and fit the temperature-dependent dielectric response of ferroelectric relaxors, providing a new understanding of their complex behavior.

Contribution

The study presents a novel macroscopic and phenomenological statistical model that effectively describes the dielectric response of relaxors across different materials and temperatures.

Findings

Successfully fits dielectric response data of various relaxors

Demonstrates the model's broad applicability

Provides insights into temperature-dependent polarization behavior

Abstract

Ferroelectric relaxors are complex materials with distinct properties. The understanding of their dielectric susceptibility, which strongly depends on both temperature and probing frequency, have interested researchers for many years. Here we report a macroscopic and phenomenological approach based on statistical modeling to investigate and better understand how the dielectric response of a relaxor depends on temperature. Employing the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution and considering temperature dependent dipolar orientational polarizability, we propose a minimum statistical model and specific equations to understand and fit numerical and experimental dielectric responses versus temperature. We show that the proposed formula can successfully fit the dielectric response of typical relaxors, including Ba(Zr,Ti)O$_{3}$, Pb(Zn$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3}$)$_{0.87}$Ti$_{0.13}$O$_{3}$, and Pb(Mg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3}$)O$_{3}$-0.05Pb(Zr$_{0.53}$Ti$_{0.47}$)O$_{3}$, which demonstrates the general applicability of this approach.