Low Energy Background Spectrum in CDMSlite

TL;DR

This paper develops and validates a detailed low energy background model for the SuperCDMS dark matter search experiment, crucial for detecting low mass WIMPs with high sensitivity.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive low energy background simulation using Geant4, incorporating atomic structure effects, to improve background understanding in CDMSlite.

Findings

Successful simulation of low energy processes including atomic effects

Validation against theoretical calculations and calibration data

Enhanced background modeling for improved dark matter sensitivity

Abstract

One trend in dark matter direct detection is the development of techniques which will lower experimental thresholds and achieve sensitivity to light mass dark matter particles. In doing so, it is necessary to have an understanding of the low energy spectrum of the major background components. Geant4 has a number of specialized low energy physics processes that can be implemented when simulating an experimental geometry. To understand this low energy region for the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (SuperCDMS), a variety of these models have been simulated and compared against theoretical calculations and SuperCDMS calibration data. Most of the low energy processes include a more complete description of the atomic structure, allowing us to observe the phenomenon of Compton steps in the simulation. An important application of this low energy background modeling is for the SuperCDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite). CDMSlite has reached world-leading sensitivities in the search for low mass weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter. Using Neganov-Trofinov-Luke phonon amplification, CDMSlite has achieved a threshold of less than 60 eV for electron recoils. The dark matter sensitivity of the CDMSlite-Soudan data can be improved by understanding and modeling the experimental backgrounds down to this threshold. Development of the machinery for creating a low energy background model will also be useful in the future SuperCDMS-SNOLAB experiment which will run multiple high voltage detectors in CDMSlite mode.