Event Detection and Localization in Distribution Grids with Phasor Measurement Units

TL;DR

This paper introduces an online algorithm leveraging phasor measurement units for real-time event detection and localization in unbalanced distribution grids, enhancing grid monitoring and fault management capabilities.

Contribution

It presents a novel convex relaxation-based method for accurately identifying and localizing topology changes in distribution systems using phasor measurements.

Findings

Accurately detects and localizes a tripped line in a test distribution feeder.

Demonstrates timely identification of topology changes.

Shows potential for real-world distribution grid applications.

Abstract

The recent introduction of synchrophasor technology into power distribution systems has given impetus to various monitoring, diagnostic, and control applications, such as system identification and event detection, which are crucial for restoring service, preventing outages, and managing equipment health. Drawing on the existing framework for inferring topology and admittances of a power network from voltage and current phasor measurements, this paper proposes an online algorithm for event detection and localization in unbalanced three-phase distribution systems. Using a convex relaxation and a matrix partitioning technique, the proposed algorithm is capable of identifying topology changes and attributing them to specific categories of events. The performance of this algorithm is evaluated on a standard test distribution feeder with synthesized loads, and it is shown that a tripped line can be detected and localized in an accurate and timely fashion, highlighting its potential for real-world applications.