Diverse types of percolation transitions

TL;DR

This review discusses various percolation transition types, highlighting recent observations of abrupt and hybrid transitions in complex systems, and explores models, critical behaviors, and real-world applications.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of models and phenomena related to diverse percolation transitions, including recent experimental and theoretical developments.

Findings

Identification of different percolation transition types

Analysis of critical behaviors and universal features

Examples of real-world phenomena exhibiting these transitions

Abstract

Percolation has long served as a model for diverse phenomena and systems. The percolation transition, that is, the formation of a giant cluster on a macroscopic scale, is known as one of the most robust continuous transitions. Recently, however, many abrupt percolation transitions have been observed in complex systems. To illustrate such phenomena, considerable effort has been made to introduce models and construct theoretical frameworks for explosive, discontinuous, and hybrid percolation transitions. Experimental results have also been reported. In this review article, we describe such percolation models, their critical behaviors and universal features, and real-world phenomena.