Heisenberg-limited Sagnac Interferometer with Multi-particle States

TL;DR

This paper proposes a multi-particle entangled atomic Sagnac interferometer that can reach the Heisenberg limit of rotation sensitivity, significantly enhancing precision in rotation sensing beyond traditional methods.

Contribution

It introduces a novel multi-particle entangled state scheme for atomic Sagnac interferometry, achieving Heisenberg-limited sensitivity and practical measurement strategies.

Findings

Heisenberg-limited rotation sensitivity with entangled states

Implementation of parity measurement saturates the ultimate precision

Enhanced rotation sensing accuracy using many-body quantum entanglement

Abstract

The Sagnac interferometry has been widely used to measure rotation frequency. Beyond the conventional single-particle Sagnac interferometry, we propose an atomic Sagnac interferometry via multi-particle entangled states. In our scheme, an ensemble of entangled two-state Bose atoms are moved in a ring by a state-dependent rotating potential and then are recombined for interference via Ramsey pulses after a specific time determined by the state-dependent rotating potential. The ultimate rotation sensitivity can be improved to the Heisenberg limit if the initial internal degrees of freedom are entangled. By implementing parity measurement, the ultimate measurement precision can be saturated and the achieved measurement precisions approach to the Heisenberg limit. Our results provide a promising way to exploit many-body quantum entanglement in precision metrology of rotation sensing.