Bimodal Distribution of Galactic Disk Stars on the [alpha/Fe]-[Fe/H] Plane as a Possible Evidence of Discontinuous Radial Migration History

TL;DR

This study explores how different radial migration histories in disk galaxies influence the chemical distribution of stars, revealing that discontinuous migration can produce the observed bimodal [alpha/Fe]-[Fe/H] distribution in the Galactic disk.

Contribution

It demonstrates that discontinuous radial migration can explain the bimodal distribution of stars on the [alpha/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane, a novel insight into galactic chemical evolution.

Findings

Discontinuous radial migration significantly affects stellar abundance patterns.

Models with radial migration show faster [alpha/Fe] decline in outer disks.

Discontinuous migration reproduces observed bimodality in the Galactic disk.

Abstract

We investigate the role of radial migration history of stars in chemical evolution of a disk galaxy, in particular in understanding the origin of their bimodal distribution on the [alpha/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane. For this purpose, we examine the three different models with no, continuous, and discontinuous radial migration, respectively. We find that for the model with radial migration, the [alpha/Fe] ratios of stars in outer disk regions decrease more rapidly with time than the model without radial migration, because the associated net transfer of intermediate and old disk stars from inner to outer disk regions increases the rate of Type Ia relative to that of Type II supernovae in the latter regions. Moreover, in the model assuming rapid and discontinuous radial migration, its effect on the stellar abundances at larger radii is significant enough to provide the large difference in the evolution of stars on the [alpha/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane between inner and outer disk regions. As a result we obtain the bimodal distribution of disk stars on the [alpha/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane as observed in the Galactic stellar disk, thereby implying that the event of discontinuous radial migration may play a key role in reproducing the observed bimodality of stars on this abundance-ratio diagram. We discuss possible mechanisms causing such discontinuous radial migration in the early evolution of the Galactic disk, including the event of minor merging of a relatively massive satellite onto the stellar disk.