Multi-indexed Meixner and Little $q$-Jacobi (Laguerre) Polynomials

TL;DR

This paper introduces multi-indexed Meixner and little q-Jacobi (Laguerre) polynomials within discrete quantum mechanics, expanding the class of multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials through Darboux transformations on semi-infinite lattices.

Contribution

It extends multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials to Meixner and little q-Jacobi (Laguerre) cases using discrete quantum mechanics and virtual state vectors, on semi-infinite lattices.

Findings

Constructed multi-indexed Meixner and little q-Jacobi (Laguerre) polynomials.

Demonstrated their derivation via multiple Darboux transformations.

Contrasted virtual state vectors on infinite and finite lattices.

Abstract

As the fourth stage of the project multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials, we present the multi-indexed Meixner and little $q$-Jacobi (Laguerre) polynomials in the framework of `discrete quantum mechanics' with real shifts defined on the semi-infinite lattice in one dimension. They are obtained, in a similar way to the multi-indexed Laguerre and Jacobi polynomials reported earlier, from the quantum mechanical systems corresponding to the original orthogonal polynomials by multiple application of the discrete analogue of the Darboux transformations or the Crum-Krein-Adler deletion of virtual state vectors. The virtual state vectors are the solutions of the matrix Schr\"odinger equation on all the lattice points having negative energies and infinite norm. This is in good contrast to the ($q$-)Racah systems defined on a finite lattice, in which the `virtual state' vectors satisfy the matrix Schr\"odinger equation except for one of the two boundary points.