Absence of bilinear condensate in three-dimensional QED

TL;DR

This study uses lattice simulations to demonstrate that three-dimensional QED does not develop a bilinear condensate for any even number of fermion flavors, supporting its scale-invariant nature.

Contribution

It provides numerical evidence from lattice simulations showing the absence of bilinear condensate in 3D QED for any even number of fermion flavors, challenging previous plausibility arguments.

Findings

No bilinear condensate observed for any even number of flavors

Supports the scale-invariant phase of 3D QED

Uses both overlap and Wilson-Dirac fermions in simulations

Abstract

There are plausibility arguments that QED in three dimensions has a critical number of flavors of massless two-component fermions, below which scale invariance is broken by the presence of bilinear condensate. We present numerical evidences from our lattice simulations using dynamical overlap as well as Wilson-Dirac fermions for the absence of bilinear condensate for any even number of flavors of two-component fermions. Instead, we find evidences for the scale-invariant nature of three-dimensional QED.