Quantum fluctuations in quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how quantum fluctuations in quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates differ from non-dipolar ones, revealing unique behaviors in energy corrections, stability, and three-body interactions due to dipolar interactions.

Contribution

It demonstrates that dipolar interactions cause distinctive quantum corrections in quasi-1D BECs, affecting stability, energy density, and three-body processes, which are experimentally observable.

Findings

Quantum corrections can change from attractive to repulsive at a critical density.

Dipolar interactions modify the density dependence of energy corrections.

Quantum effects significantly impact stability and three-body loss rates.

Abstract

Recent experiments have revealed that beyond-mean-field corrections are much more relevant in weakly-interacting dipolar condensates than in their non-dipolar counterparts. We show that in quasi-one-dimensional geometries quantum corrections in dipolar and non-dipolar condensates are strikingly different due to the peculiar momentum dependence of the dipolar interactions. The energy correction of the condensate presents not only a modified density dependence, but it may even change from attractive to repulsive at a critical density due to the surprising role played by the transversal directions. The anomalous quantum correction translates into a strongly modified physics for quantum-stabilized droplets and dipolar solitons. Moreover, and for similar reasons, quantum corrections of three-body correlations, and hence of three-body losses, are strongly modified by the dipolar interactions. This intriguing physics can be readily probed in current experiments with magnetic atoms.